WebStorm 2025.2 Help

数据库图表

启用 Diagrams 插件

此功能依赖于 Diagrams 插件，该插件在 WebStorm 中为捆绑插件并默认启用。 如果相关功能不可用，请确保未禁用该插件。

  1. 按 Ctrl+Alt+S 打开设置，然后选择 插件。

  2. 打开 已安装 选项卡，找到 Diagrams 插件，并选中插件名称旁的复选框。

数据库图表以图形方式显示数据库结构及数据库对象之间的关系。 您可以为数据源、架构或表格生成图表。 要创建数据库对象之间的关系，可考虑使用 主键 和 外键。

您可以将生成的图表保存为 UML 和 PNG 两种格式。 UML 格式是为 WebStorm 专门开发的内部格式。 其他产品不支持该格式。 如果希望共享所创建的图表，可考虑使用 PNG 格式。

此外，您还可以构建执行计划。 执行计划是一组用于访问数据库中数据的步骤。 有关创建执行计划的详细信息，请参阅 可视化查询计划。

为数据库对象生成图表

  • 在 数据库 工具窗口中，右键单击数据库对象并选择 图 | 显示图表。

为数据库对象生成图表
为数据库对象生成图表

查看和管理图表

平移与缩放

  • 要平移和缩放图表，请使用触控板、滚动条或鼠标滚轮进行垂直滚动，以及 Shift + 鼠标滚轮进行水平滚动。 您也可以使用 Shift + 鼠标滚轮进行缩放。

  • 要使用放大镜工具，请按住 Alt 键，并将鼠标悬停于图表中所需区域。 使用鼠标滚轮对放大镜区域进行进一步放大。

    放大镜工具

启用列注释

  1. 生成图表。 有关生成图表的更多信息，请参阅 为数据库对象生成图表。

  2. 单击 注释 按钮（注释按钮）。

    启用列注释

为图表对象应用颜色

  1. 在 数据库 工具窗口中，右键点击对象并选择 工具 | 设置颜色…。

  2. 选择颜色并单击 确定。 刷新图表以应用颜色，点击 刷新 按钮（）。

    表格颜色显示

查找图表元素

要在图表中定位元素，请执行以下操作：

  1. 按 Ctrl+F 打开 图表元素 弹出窗口。

  2. 开始输入元素名称，选择后按 Enter。

查找图表元素

导出图表

在 WebStorm 中，您可以将图表以多种格式导出至文件、剪贴板，并在 Web 编辑器中打开。 您还可以打印图表并将其保存为图像。 为此，请使用图表上下文菜单中的相应操作。

在 Web 编辑器中打开图表

将图表复制到剪贴板

  • 若要将图表复制到剪贴板，请右键点击图表，导航至 导出图 | 复制到剪贴板 ，然后选择格式。

    或者，单击图表工具栏上的 导出图 按钮（导出图表图标 ），然后在相应子菜单中选择格式。

    支持的格式如下：

    • Mermaid

      classDiagram direction BT class actor { varchar(45) first_name varchar(45) last_name timestamp last_update smallint unsigned actor_id } class node19 { smallint unsigned actor_id varchar(45) first_name varchar(45) last_name timestamp last_update blob column_nameimg } class actor_info { smallint unsigned actor_id varchar(45) first_name varchar(45) last_name text film_info } class address { varchar(50) address varchar(50) address2 varchar(20) district smallint unsigned city_id varchar(10) postal_code varchar(20) phone timestamp last_update smallint unsigned address_id } class category { varchar(25) name timestamp last_update tinyint unsigned category_id } class city { varchar(50) city smallint unsigned country_id timestamp last_update smallint unsigned city_id } class country { varchar(50) country timestamp last_update smallint unsigned country_id } class customer { tinyint unsigned store_id varchar(45) first_name varchar(45) last_name varchar(50) email smallint unsigned address_id tinyint(1) active datetime create_date timestamp last_update smallint unsigned customer_id } class customer_list { smallint unsigned ID varchar(91) name varchar(50) address varchar(10) zip code varchar(20) phone varchar(50) city varchar(50) country varchar(6) notes tinyint unsigned SID } class film { varchar(255) title text description year release_year tinyint unsigned language_id tinyint unsigned original_language_id tinyint unsigned rental_duration decimal(4,2) rental_rate smallint unsigned length decimal(5,2) replacement_cost enum('g', 'pg', 'pg-13', 'r', 'nc-17') rating set('trailers', 'commentaries', 'deleted scenes', 'behind the scenes') special_features timestamp last_update smallint unsigned film_id } class film_actor { timestamp last_update smallint unsigned actor_id smallint unsigned film_id } class film_category { timestamp last_update smallint unsigned film_id tinyint unsigned category_id } class film_text { varchar(255) title text description smallint film_id } class inventory { smallint unsigned film_id tinyint unsigned store_id timestamp last_update mediumint unsigned inventory_id } class language { char(20) name timestamp last_update tinyint unsigned language_id } class payment { smallint unsigned customer_id tinyint unsigned staff_id int rental_id decimal(5,2) amount datetime payment_date timestamp last_update smallint unsigned payment_id } class pet { varchar(150) pet varchar(150) name varchar(150) owner } class rental { datetime rental_date mediumint unsigned inventory_id smallint unsigned customer_id datetime return_date tinyint unsigned staff_id timestamp last_update int rental_id } class sales_by_film_category { varchar(25) category decimal(27,2) total_sales } class sales_by_store { varchar(101) store varchar(91) manager decimal(27,2) total_sales } class staff { varchar(45) first_name varchar(45) last_name smallint unsigned address_id blob picture varchar(50) email tinyint unsigned store_id tinyint(1) active varchar(16) username varchar(40) password timestamp last_update tinyint unsigned staff_id } class staff_list { tinyint unsigned ID varchar(91) name varchar(50) address varchar(10) zip code varchar(20) phone varchar(50) city varchar(50) country tinyint unsigned SID } class store { tinyint unsigned manager_staff_id smallint unsigned address_id timestamp last_update tinyint unsigned store_id } address --> city : city_id city --> country : country_id customer --> address : address_id customer --> store : store_id film --> language : original_language_id:language_id film --> language : language_id film_actor --> actor : actor_id film_actor --> film : film_id film_category --> category : category_id film_category --> film : film_id inventory --> film : film_id inventory --> store : store_id payment --> customer : customer_id payment --> rental : rental_id payment --> staff : staff_id rental --> customer : customer_id rental --> inventory : inventory_id rental --> staff : staff_id staff --> address : address_id staff --> store : store_id store --> address : address_id store --> staff : manager_staff_id:staff_id

    • PlantUML

      @startuml !theme plain top to bottom direction skinparam linetype ortho class actor { first_name: varchar(45) last_name: varchar(45) last_update: timestamp actor_id: smallint unsigned } class node16 as "actor_1 /* backup table */" { actor_id: smallint unsigned first_name: varchar(45) last_name: varchar(45) last_update: timestamp column_nameimg: blob } class actor_info { actor_id: smallint unsigned first_name: varchar(45) last_name: varchar(45) film_info: text } class address { address: varchar(50) address2: varchar(50) district: varchar(20) city_id: smallint unsigned postal_code: varchar(10) phone: varchar(20) last_update: timestamp address_id: smallint unsigned } class category { name: varchar(25) last_update: timestamp category_id: tinyint unsigned } class city { city: varchar(50) country_id: smallint unsigned last_update: timestamp city_id: smallint unsigned } class country { country: varchar(50) last_update: timestamp country_id: smallint unsigned } class customer { store_id: tinyint unsigned first_name: varchar(45) last_name: varchar(45) email: varchar(50) address_id: smallint unsigned active: tinyint(1) create_date: datetime last_update: timestamp customer_id: smallint unsigned } class customer_list { ID: smallint unsigned name: varchar(91) address: varchar(50) zip code: varchar(10) phone: varchar(20) city: varchar(50) country: varchar(50) notes: varchar(6) SID: tinyint unsigned } class film { title: varchar(255) description: text release_year: year language_id: tinyint unsigned original_language_id: tinyint unsigned rental_duration: tinyint unsigned rental_rate: decimal(4,2) length: smallint unsigned replacement_cost: decimal(5,2) rating: enum('g', 'pg', 'pg-13', 'r', 'nc-17') special_features: set('trailers', 'commentaries', 'deleted scenes', 'behind the scenes') last_update: timestamp film_id: smallint unsigned } class film_actor { last_update: timestamp actor_id: smallint unsigned film_id: smallint unsigned } class film_category { last_update: timestamp film_id: smallint unsigned category_id: tinyint unsigned } class film_text { title: varchar(255) description: text film_id: smallint } class inventory { film_id: smallint unsigned store_id: tinyint unsigned last_update: timestamp inventory_id: mediumint unsigned } class language { name: char(20) last_update: timestamp language_id: tinyint unsigned } class payment { customer_id: smallint unsigned staff_id: tinyint unsigned rental_id: int amount: decimal(5,2) payment_date: datetime last_update: timestamp payment_id: smallint unsigned } class pet { pet: varchar(150) name: varchar(150) owner: varchar(150) } class rental { rental_date: datetime inventory_id: mediumint unsigned customer_id: smallint unsigned return_date: datetime staff_id: tinyint unsigned last_update: timestamp rental_id: int } class sales_by_film_category { category: varchar(25) total_sales: decimal(27,2) } class sales_by_store { store: varchar(101) manager: varchar(91) total_sales: decimal(27,2) } class staff { first_name: varchar(45) last_name: varchar(45) address_id: smallint unsigned picture: blob email: varchar(50) store_id: tinyint unsigned active: tinyint(1) username: varchar(16) password: varchar(40) last_update: timestamp staff_id: tinyint unsigned } class staff_list { ID: tinyint unsigned name: varchar(91) address: varchar(50) zip code: varchar(10) phone: varchar(20) city: varchar(50) country: varchar(50) SID: tinyint unsigned } class store { manager_staff_id: tinyint unsigned address_id: smallint unsigned last_update: timestamp store_id: tinyint unsigned } address -[#595959,plain]-^ city : "city_id" city -[#595959,plain]-^ country : "country_id" customer -[#595959,plain]-^ address : "address_id" customer -[#595959,plain]-^ store : "store_id" film -[#595959,plain]-^ language : "language_id" film -[#595959,plain]-^ language : "original_language_id:language_id" film_actor -[#595959,plain]-^ actor : "actor_id" film_actor -[#595959,plain]-^ film : "film_id" film_category -[#595959,plain]-^ category : "category_id" film_category -[#595959,plain]-^ film : "film_id" inventory -[#595959,plain]-^ film : "film_id" inventory -[#595959,plain]-^ store : "store_id" payment -[#595959,plain]-^ customer : "customer_id" payment -[#595959,plain]-^ rental : "rental_id" payment -[#595959,plain]-^ staff : "staff_id" rental -[#595959,plain]-^ customer : "customer_id" rental -[#595959,plain]-^ inventory : "inventory_id" rental -[#595959,plain]-^ staff : "staff_id" staff -[#595959,plain]-^ address : "address_id" staff -[#595959,plain]-^ store : "store_id" store -[#595959,plain]-^ address : "address_id" store -[#595959,plain]-^ staff : "manager_staff_id:staff_id" @enduml

    • Graphviz DOT

      digraph "sakila" { splines = ortho; fontname = "Inconsolata"; node [colorscheme = ylgnbu4]; edge [colorscheme = dark28, dir = both]; actor [shape = record, label = "{ actor | first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l last_update : timestamp\l| actor_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; "actor_1 /* backup table */" [shape = record, label = "{ actor_1 /* backup table */ | actor_id : smallint unsigned\l first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l last_update : timestamp\l column_nameimg : blob\l }"]; actor_info [shape = record, label = "{ actor_info | actor_id : smallint unsigned\l first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l film_info : text\l }"]; address [shape = record, label = "{ address | address : varchar(50)\l address2 : varchar(50)\l district : varchar(20)\l city_id : smallint unsigned\l postal_code : varchar(10)\l phone : varchar(20)\l last_update : timestamp\l| address_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; category [shape = record, label = "{ category | name : varchar(25)\l last_update : timestamp\l| category_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; city [shape = record, label = "{ city | city : varchar(50)\l country_id : smallint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| city_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; country [shape = record, label = "{ country | country : varchar(50)\l last_update : timestamp\l| country_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; customer [shape = record, label = "{ customer | store_id : tinyint unsigned\l first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l email : varchar(50)\l address_id : smallint unsigned\l active : tinyint(1)\l create_date : datetime\l last_update : timestamp\l| customer_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; customer_list [shape = record, label = "{ customer_list | ID : smallint unsigned\l name : varchar(91)\l address : varchar(50)\l zip code : varchar(10)\l phone : varchar(20)\l city : varchar(50)\l country : varchar(50)\l notes : varchar(6)\l SID : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; film [shape = record, label = "{ film | title : varchar(255)\l description : text\l release_year : year\l language_id : tinyint unsigned\l original_language_id : tinyint unsigned\l rental_duration : tinyint unsigned\l rental_rate : decimal(4,2)\l length : smallint unsigned\l replacement_cost : decimal(5,2)\l rating : enum('g', 'pg', 'pg-13', 'r', 'nc-17')\l special_features : set('trailers', 'commentaries', 'deleted scenes', 'behind the scenes')\l last_update : timestamp\l| film_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; film_actor [shape = record, label = "{ film_actor | last_update : timestamp\l| actor_id : smallint unsigned\l film_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; film_category [shape = record, label = "{ film_category | last_update : timestamp\l| film_id : smallint unsigned\l category_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; film_text [shape = record, label = "{ film_text | title : varchar(255)\l description : text\l| film_id : smallint\l }"]; inventory [shape = record, label = "{ inventory | film_id : smallint unsigned\l store_id : tinyint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| inventory_id : mediumint unsigned\l }"]; language [shape = record, label = "{ language | name : char(20)\l last_update : timestamp\l| language_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; payment [shape = record, label = "{ payment | customer_id : smallint unsigned\l staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l rental_id : int\l amount : decimal(5,2)\l payment_date : datetime\l last_update : timestamp\l| payment_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; pet [shape = record, label = "{ pet | pet : varchar(150)\l name : varchar(150)\l owner : varchar(150)\l }"]; rental [shape = record, label = "{ rental | rental_date : datetime\l inventory_id : mediumint unsigned\l customer_id : smallint unsigned\l return_date : datetime\l staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| rental_id : int\l }"]; sales_by_film_category [shape = record, label = "{ sales_by_film_category | category : varchar(25)\l total_sales : decimal(27,2)\l }"]; sales_by_store [shape = record, label = "{ sales_by_store | store : varchar(101)\l manager : varchar(91)\l total_sales : decimal(27,2)\l }"]; staff [shape = record, label = "{ staff | first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l address_id : smallint unsigned\l picture : blob\l email : varchar(50)\l store_id : tinyint unsigned\l active : tinyint(1)\l username : varchar(16)\l password : varchar(40)\l last_update : timestamp\l| staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; staff_list [shape = record, label = "{ staff_list | ID : tinyint unsigned\l name : varchar(91)\l address : varchar(50)\l zip code : varchar(10)\l phone : varchar(20)\l city : varchar(50)\l country : varchar(50)\l SID : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; store [shape = record, label = "{ store | manager_staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l address_id : smallint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| store_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; address -> city [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "city_id", headlabel = ""]; city -> country [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "country_id", headlabel = ""]; customer -> address [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "address_id", headlabel = ""]; customer -> store [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "store_id", headlabel = ""]; film -> language [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "language_id", headlabel = ""]; film -> language [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "original_language_id:language_id", headlabel = ""]; film_actor -> actor [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "actor_id", headlabel = ""]; film_actor -> film [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "film_id", headlabel = ""]; film_category -> category [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "category_id", headlabel = ""]; film_category -> film [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "film_id", headlabel = ""]; inventory -> film [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "film_id", headlabel = ""]; inventory -> store [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "store_id", headlabel = ""]; payment -> customer [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "customer_id", headlabel = ""]; payment -> rental [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "rental_id", headlabel = ""]; payment -> staff [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "staff_id", headlabel = ""]; rental -> customer [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "customer_id", headlabel = ""]; rental -> inventory [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "inventory_id", headlabel = ""]; rental -> staff [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "staff_id", headlabel = ""]; staff -> address [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "address_id", headlabel = ""]; staff -> store [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "store_id", headlabel = ""]; store -> address [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "address_id", headlabel = ""]; store -> staff [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "manager_staff_id:staff_id", headlabel = ""]; }

    • Graphviz DOT（含位置）

      digraph "sakila" { splines = ortho; fontname = "Inconsolata"; node [colorscheme = ylgnbu4]; edge [colorscheme = dark28, dir = both]; actor [shape = record, pos = "4.333,20.917!" , label = "{ actor | first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l last_update : timestamp\l| actor_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; "actor_1 /* backup table */" [shape = record, pos = "-4.111,4.681!" , label = "{ actor_1 /* backup table */ | actor_id : smallint unsigned\l first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l last_update : timestamp\l column_nameimg : blob\l }"]; actor_info [shape = record, pos = "-0.611,4.681!" , label = "{ actor_info | actor_id : smallint unsigned\l first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l film_info : text\l }"]; address [shape = record, pos = "-2.564,26.375!" , label = "{ address | address : varchar(50)\l address2 : varchar(50)\l district : varchar(20)\l city_id : smallint unsigned\l postal_code : varchar(10)\l phone : varchar(20)\l last_update : timestamp\l| address_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; category [shape = record, pos = "15.972,20.750!" , label = "{ category | name : varchar(25)\l last_update : timestamp\l| category_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; city [shape = record, pos = "-2.550,28.972!" , label = "{ city | city : varchar(50)\l country_id : smallint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| city_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; country [shape = record, pos = "-2.550,31.236!" , label = "{ country | country : varchar(50)\l last_update : timestamp\l| country_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; customer [shape = record, pos = "-0.681,16.458!" , label = "{ customer | store_id : tinyint unsigned\l first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l email : varchar(50)\l address_id : smallint unsigned\l active : tinyint(1)\l create_date : datetime\l last_update : timestamp\l| customer_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; customer_list [shape = record, pos = "19.694,31.236!" , label = "{ customer_list | ID : smallint unsigned\l name : varchar(91)\l address : varchar(50)\l zip code : varchar(10)\l phone : varchar(20)\l city : varchar(50)\l country : varchar(50)\l notes : varchar(6)\l SID : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; film [shape = record, pos = "7.486,22.417!" , label = "{ film | title : varchar(255)\l description : text\l release_year : year\l language_id : tinyint unsigned\l original_language_id : tinyint unsigned\l rental_duration : tinyint unsigned\l rental_rate : decimal(4,2)\l length : smallint unsigned\l replacement_cost : decimal(5,2)\l rating : enum('g', 'pg', 'pg-13', 'r', 'nc-17')\l special_features : set('trailers', 'commentaries', 'deleted scenes', 'behind the scenes')\l last_update : timestamp\l| film_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; film_actor [shape = record, pos = "9.174,15.458!" , label = "{ film_actor | last_update : timestamp\l| actor_id : smallint unsigned\l film_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; film_category [shape = record, pos = "14.592,15.458!" , label = "{ film_category | last_update : timestamp\l| film_id : smallint unsigned\l category_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; film_text [shape = record, pos = "2.889,4.681!" , label = "{ film_text | title : varchar(255)\l description : text\l| film_id : smallint\l }"]; inventory [shape = record, pos = "2.889,15.625!" , label = "{ inventory | film_id : smallint unsigned\l store_id : tinyint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| inventory_id : mediumint unsigned\l }"]; language [shape = record, pos = "10.731,25.542!" , label = "{ language | name : char(20)\l last_update : timestamp\l| language_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; payment [shape = record, pos = "-1.459,8.208!" , label = "{ payment | customer_id : smallint unsigned\l staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l rental_id : int\l amount : decimal(5,2)\l payment_date : datetime\l last_update : timestamp\l| payment_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; pet [shape = record, pos = "9.028,4.681!" , label = "{ pet | pet : varchar(150)\l name : varchar(150)\l owner : varchar(150)\l }"]; rental [shape = record, pos = "1.321,11.833!" , label = "{ rental | rental_date : datetime\l inventory_id : mediumint unsigned\l customer_id : smallint unsigned\l return_date : datetime\l staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| rental_id : int\l }"]; sales_by_film_category [shape = record, pos = "11.917,4.681!" , label = "{ sales_by_film_category | category : varchar(25)\l total_sales : decimal(27,2)\l }"]; sales_by_store [shape = record, pos = "5.583,4.681!" , label = "{ sales_by_store | store : varchar(101)\l manager : varchar(91)\l total_sales : decimal(27,2)\l }"]; staff [shape = record, pos = "-4.111,16.792!" , label = "{ staff | first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l address_id : smallint unsigned\l picture : blob\l email : varchar(50)\l store_id : tinyint unsigned\l active : tinyint(1)\l username : varchar(16)\l password : varchar(40)\l last_update : timestamp\l| staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; staff_list [shape = record, pos = "22.666,31.236!" , label = "{ staff_list | ID : tinyint unsigned\l name : varchar(91)\l address : varchar(50)\l zip code : varchar(10)\l phone : varchar(20)\l city : varchar(50)\l country : varchar(50)\l SID : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; store [shape = record, pos = "-2.638,20.917!" , label = "{ store | manager_staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l address_id : smallint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| store_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; address -> city [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "city_id", headlabel = ""]; city -> country [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "country_id", headlabel = ""]; customer -> address [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "address_id", headlabel = ""]; customer -> store [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "store_id", headlabel = ""]; film -> language [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "language_id", headlabel = ""]; film -> language [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "original_language_id:language_id", headlabel = ""]; film_actor -> actor [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "actor_id", headlabel = ""]; film_actor -> film [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "film_id", headlabel = ""]; film_category -> category [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "category_id", headlabel = ""]; film_category -> film [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "film_id", headlabel = ""]; inventory -> film [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "film_id", headlabel = ""]; inventory -> store [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "store_id", headlabel = ""]; payment -> customer [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "customer_id", headlabel = ""]; payment -> rental [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "rental_id", headlabel = ""]; payment -> staff [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "staff_id", headlabel = ""]; rental -> customer [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "customer_id", headlabel = ""]; rental -> inventory [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "inventory_id", headlabel = ""]; rental -> staff [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "staff_id", headlabel = ""]; staff -> address [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "address_id", headlabel = ""]; staff -> store [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "store_id", headlabel = ""]; store -> address [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "address_id", headlabel = ""]; store -> staff [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "manager_staff_id:staff_id", headlabel = ""]; }
    通过上下文菜单将图表复制到剪贴板

将图表导出为文件

  • 要将图表导出到文件，请右键单击图表，导航到 导出图 | 导出到文件 ，然后选择格式。

    或者，单击图表工具栏上的 导出图 按钮（导出图表图标 ），然后在相应子菜单中选择格式。

    支持的格式如下：

    • YEd .graphml

    • JGraph .drawio

    • Graphviz .dot

    • Graphviz .dot （含位置）

    • Mermaid .md

    • PlantUML

    • IDEA .uml ：UML 格式是仅由 WebStorm 支持的内部格式。 要打开已保存的图表，请将 UML 文件拖动到编辑器中。

      请注意，UML 文件的作用域仅限于原始项目。 只能在创建该图表的同一项目中打开并使用。

    通过上下文菜单将图表导出为文件

将图表导出为 PNG 格式的图像

  • 要将图表导出为 PNG 格式的图像，请右键单击图表并选择 导出图 | 导出到图像…。

    或者，单击图表工具栏上的 导出图 按钮（导出图表图标 ），然后选择 导出到图像…。

参考

图标

图表中列的图标组合示例如下：

图标

外键

主键

已建立索引

NOT NULL

列

具有外键的列

具有外键

具有主键的列

具有主键

已索引的列

已索引

不接受 NULL 值的列

具有 NOT NULL 约束

不接受 NULL 值的已索引列

已索引

具有 NOT NULL 约束

具有主键、外键且不接受 NULL 值的已索引列

具有外键

具有主键

已索引

具有 NOT NULL 约束

具有主键和外键的已索引列

具有外键

具有主键

已索引

具有主键和外键且不接受 NULL 值的列

具有外键

具有主键

具有 NOT NULL 约束

具有主键和外键的列

具有外键

具有主键

具有外键且不接受 NULL 值的已索引列

具有外键

已索引

具有 NOT NULL 约束

具有外键且不接受 NULL 值的列

具有外键

具有 NOT NULL 约束

接受 NULL 值的具有外键的已索引列

具有外键

已索引

具有主键且不接受 NULL 值的已索引列

具有主键

已索引

具有 NOT NULL 约束

具有主键且不接受 NULL 值的列

具有主键

具有 NOT NULL 约束

具有主键的已索引列

具有主键

已索引

图表配置设置

要配置图表的默认可见性设置和布局，请按 Ctrl+Alt+S 键打开设置，并导航至 工具 | 图表。 。

有关数据库图表配置设置的更多信息，请参阅 图表 参考主题。

图表菜单

工具栏与上下文菜单

使用图表编辑器工具栏可快速访问操作，并可使用上下文菜单管理所显示的图表。

工具栏

项

说明

关键列按钮

（使用数据库时可用。）单击此按钮以在图表中显示主键列。

列按钮

（使用数据库时可用。）切换是否显示以下内容：

  • 对于数据库对象可视化：显示或隐藏图表中除主键列外的其他列。

  • 对于查询映射：显示或隐藏查询属性。 这些属性可以是行数、索引名称或有关查询的其他附加信息。

虚拟外键按钮

（使用数据库时可用。）单击此按钮以在图表中隐藏或显示虚拟外键。

注释按钮

（使用数据库时可用。）单击此按钮以在图表中隐藏或显示注释。

放大

单击此图标可放大图表。 或者按 NumPad+。

缩小

单击此图标可缩小图表。 或者按 NumPad-。

实际大小

单击此图标以恢复图表的实际大小。

适应内容

单击此图标使内容适应当前图表大小。

应用当前布局

单击此图标以应用从图表上下文菜单的 布局 节点中选择的当前布局。

自动布线

单击此图标可将图表缩放到窗口边缘。

复制图表到剪贴板

单击此图标可将图表复制到剪贴板。

复制选区到剪贴板

单击此图标，然后使用鼠标选择任何图表区域：所选区域将被复制到剪贴板中。

导出图表

单击此图标以使用与第三方工具兼容的各种格式导出图表为文件、图像，或在浏览器中打开该图表。

导出图表

您可以选择并配置以下选项：

  • 在 Web 编辑器中打开 ：单击此按钮以选择第三方编辑器，您可以将图表导出至其中。

  • 复制图表到剪贴板 ：单击此按钮以使用可用格式之一将图表保存至剪贴板。

  • 保存图表 ：单击此按钮以将当前图表另存为文件。 您可以从列表中使用一种可用格式。

  • 保存图像 ：单击此按钮以 PNG 格式保存当前图表。

  • 打印 ：单击此按钮以打印图表。

刷新数据模型

单击此按钮刷新整个图表。

打开图表设置

单击此按钮以打开 图表设置 ，您可以在其中配置其他选项。

上下文菜单

下表列出了工具栏中不可用的命令。

项

说明

选定元素操作

使用此选项可打开适用于图表中选定元素的操作列表。 您可以选择将元素复制、跳转至其源、查找其用法、使用 导航 操作、各种 Git 操作等。

内容

使用此选项可打开操作列表，方便您添加新元素、显示依赖关系、对图表内元素排序等。

  • 新建 （Alt+Insert）：

    选择此命令以创建新的节点元素或成员。

  • 显示类别 ：选择此命令以在类节点中显示所选代码元素。 例如，您可以选择 字段 查看类中的所有字段元素。

删除

删除所选图表。

分析图表

使用此节点可选择一个命令来分析图表。您可以检查图表特性、更改图表焦点、测量图中央性等。 您可以检查图表特性、更改图表焦点、测量图中央性等。

布局

从子菜单中选择所需的图表布局。

行为

使用此选项可选择与图表行为相关的命令，例如将元素对齐至网格、显示所选节点的结构视图或在布局后适配内容。

导出图表

使用此选项可通过各种格式 导出图表 ，这些格式兼容第三方工具，支持导出到文件、图像，或在浏览器中打开图表。

最后修改日期： 2025年 9月 26日
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