数据库图表

启用数据库工具和 SQL 插件

此功能依赖数据库工具和 SQL 插件，该插件在 PyCharm 中默认捆绑并启用。如果相关功能不可用，请确保未禁用该插件。

按 Ctrl+Alt+S 打开设置，然后选择插件。
打开已安装选项卡，找到数据库工具和 SQL 插件，并选中插件名称旁的复选框。

启用 Diagrams 插件

此功能依赖 Diagrams 插件，该插件在 PyCharm 中默认捆绑并启用。如果相关功能不可用，请确保未禁用该插件。

按 Ctrl+Alt+S 打开设置，然后选择插件。
打开已安装选项卡，找到 Diagrams 插件，并选中插件名称旁的复选框。

数据库图表以图形方式展示数据库的结构以及数据库对象之间的关系。您可以为数据源、架构或表生成图表。要在数据库对象之间创建关系，建议使用主键和外键。

您可以将生成的图表保存为两种格式：UML 和 PNG。 UML 格式是专为 PyCharm 开发的内部格式。其他产品不支持该格式。如果您希望共享创建的图表，建议使用 PNG。

此外，您还可以构建执行计划。执行计划是用于访问数据库中数据的一组步骤。有关创建执行计划的详细信息，请参阅可视化查询计划。

为数据库对象生成图表

在数据库工具窗口中，右键点击数据库对象并选择图 | 显示图表。

查看并管理图表

平移和缩放

要平移和缩放图表，请使用触摸板、滚动条，或使用鼠标滚轮进行垂直滚动，并按 Shift + 鼠标滚轮进行水平滚动。您还可以使用 Shift + 鼠标滚轮进行缩放。
要使用放大镜工具，请按住 Alt 键并将鼠标悬停在图表的目标区域上。在放大镜工具内使用鼠标滚轮可对图表区域进行进一步缩放。

启用列注释

生成图表。有关生成图表的详细信息，请参阅为数据库对象生成图表。
点击注释按钮（）。

为图表对象应用颜色

在数据库工具窗口中，右键点击一个对象并选择工具 | 设置颜色…。
选择一种颜色并点击确定。通过点击刷新按钮（）刷新图表以应用颜色。

查找图表元素

要在图表中定位您的元素，请执行以下操作：

按 Ctrl+F 打开图表元素弹出窗口。
开始键入元素名称，选中后按 Enter。

导出图表

在 PyCharm 中，您可以将图表以多种格式导出到文件、复制到剪贴板，并在 Web 编辑器中打开。您还可以打印图表并将其保存为图像。为此，请使用图表上下文菜单中的相应操作。

在 Web 编辑器中打开图表

要在 Web 浏览器中将图表导出到第三方编辑器，请右键点击图表，转到导出图 | 在Web 编辑器中打开，然后选择编辑器。
或者，点击图表工具栏上的导出图按钮（），并在相应的子菜单中选择编辑器。
支持的编辑器如下：

将图表复制到剪贴板

要将图表复制到剪贴板，请右键点击图表，转到导出图 | 复制到剪贴板，然后选择格式。
或者，点击图表工具栏上的导出图按钮（），并在相应的子菜单中选择格式。
支持的格式如下：
- Mermaid
  classDiagram direction BT class actor { varchar(45) first_name varchar(45) last_name timestamp last_update smallint unsigned actor_id } class node19 { smallint unsigned actor_id varchar(45) first_name varchar(45) last_name timestamp last_update blob column_nameimg } class actor_info { smallint unsigned actor_id varchar(45) first_name varchar(45) last_name text film_info } class address { varchar(50) address varchar(50) address2 varchar(20) district smallint unsigned city_id varchar(10) postal_code varchar(20) phone timestamp last_update smallint unsigned address_id } class category { varchar(25) name timestamp last_update tinyint unsigned category_id } class city { varchar(50) city smallint unsigned country_id timestamp last_update smallint unsigned city_id } class country { varchar(50) country timestamp last_update smallint unsigned country_id } class customer { tinyint unsigned store_id varchar(45) first_name varchar(45) last_name varchar(50) email smallint unsigned address_id tinyint(1) active datetime create_date timestamp last_update smallint unsigned customer_id } class customer_list { smallint unsigned ID varchar(91) name varchar(50) address varchar(10) zip code varchar(20) phone varchar(50) city varchar(50) country varchar(6) notes tinyint unsigned SID } class film { varchar(255) title text description year release_year tinyint unsigned language_id tinyint unsigned original_language_id tinyint unsigned rental_duration decimal(4,2) rental_rate smallint unsigned length decimal(5,2) replacement_cost enum('g', 'pg', 'pg-13', 'r', 'nc-17') rating set('trailers', 'commentaries', 'deleted scenes', 'behind the scenes') special_features timestamp last_update smallint unsigned film_id } class film_actor { timestamp last_update smallint unsigned actor_id smallint unsigned film_id } class film_category { timestamp last_update smallint unsigned film_id tinyint unsigned category_id } class film_text { varchar(255) title text description smallint film_id } class inventory { smallint unsigned film_id tinyint unsigned store_id timestamp last_update mediumint unsigned inventory_id } class language { char(20) name timestamp last_update tinyint unsigned language_id } class payment { smallint unsigned customer_id tinyint unsigned staff_id int rental_id decimal(5,2) amount datetime payment_date timestamp last_update smallint unsigned payment_id } class pet { varchar(150) pet varchar(150) name varchar(150) owner } class rental { datetime rental_date mediumint unsigned inventory_id smallint unsigned customer_id datetime return_date tinyint unsigned staff_id timestamp last_update int rental_id } class sales_by_film_category { varchar(25) category decimal(27,2) total_sales } class sales_by_store { varchar(101) store varchar(91) manager decimal(27,2) total_sales } class staff { varchar(45) first_name varchar(45) last_name smallint unsigned address_id blob picture varchar(50) email tinyint unsigned store_id tinyint(1) active varchar(16) username varchar(40) password timestamp last_update tinyint unsigned staff_id } class staff_list { tinyint unsigned ID varchar(91) name varchar(50) address varchar(10) zip code varchar(20) phone varchar(50) city varchar(50) country tinyint unsigned SID } class store { tinyint unsigned manager_staff_id smallint unsigned address_id timestamp last_update tinyint unsigned store_id } address --> city : city_id city --> country : country_id customer --> address : address_id customer --> store : store_id film --> language : original_language_id:language_id film --> language : language_id film_actor --> actor : actor_id film_actor --> film : film_id film_category --> category : category_id film_category --> film : film_id inventory --> film : film_id inventory --> store : store_id payment --> customer : customer_id payment --> rental : rental_id payment --> staff : staff_id rental --> customer : customer_id rental --> inventory : inventory_id rental --> staff : staff_id staff --> address : address_id staff --> store : store_id store --> address : address_id store --> staff : manager_staff_id:staff_id
- PlantUML
  @startuml !theme plain top to bottom direction skinparam linetype ortho class actor { first_name: varchar(45) last_name: varchar(45) last_update: timestamp actor_id: smallint unsigned } class node16 as "actor_1 /* backup table */" { actor_id: smallint unsigned first_name: varchar(45) last_name: varchar(45) last_update: timestamp column_nameimg: blob } class actor_info { actor_id: smallint unsigned first_name: varchar(45) last_name: varchar(45) film_info: text } class address { address: varchar(50) address2: varchar(50) district: varchar(20) city_id: smallint unsigned postal_code: varchar(10) phone: varchar(20) last_update: timestamp address_id: smallint unsigned } class category { name: varchar(25) last_update: timestamp category_id: tinyint unsigned } class city { city: varchar(50) country_id: smallint unsigned last_update: timestamp city_id: smallint unsigned } class country { country: varchar(50) last_update: timestamp country_id: smallint unsigned } class customer { store_id: tinyint unsigned first_name: varchar(45) last_name: varchar(45) email: varchar(50) address_id: smallint unsigned active: tinyint(1) create_date: datetime last_update: timestamp customer_id: smallint unsigned } class customer_list { ID: smallint unsigned name: varchar(91) address: varchar(50) zip code: varchar(10) phone: varchar(20) city: varchar(50) country: varchar(50) notes: varchar(6) SID: tinyint unsigned } class film { title: varchar(255) description: text release_year: year language_id: tinyint unsigned original_language_id: tinyint unsigned rental_duration: tinyint unsigned rental_rate: decimal(4,2) length: smallint unsigned replacement_cost: decimal(5,2) rating: enum('g', 'pg', 'pg-13', 'r', 'nc-17') special_features: set('trailers', 'commentaries', 'deleted scenes', 'behind the scenes') last_update: timestamp film_id: smallint unsigned } class film_actor { last_update: timestamp actor_id: smallint unsigned film_id: smallint unsigned } class film_category { last_update: timestamp film_id: smallint unsigned category_id: tinyint unsigned } class film_text { title: varchar(255) description: text film_id: smallint } class inventory { film_id: smallint unsigned store_id: tinyint unsigned last_update: timestamp inventory_id: mediumint unsigned } class language { name: char(20) last_update: timestamp language_id: tinyint unsigned } class payment { customer_id: smallint unsigned staff_id: tinyint unsigned rental_id: int amount: decimal(5,2) payment_date: datetime last_update: timestamp payment_id: smallint unsigned } class pet { pet: varchar(150) name: varchar(150) owner: varchar(150) } class rental { rental_date: datetime inventory_id: mediumint unsigned customer_id: smallint unsigned return_date: datetime staff_id: tinyint unsigned last_update: timestamp rental_id: int } class sales_by_film_category { category: varchar(25) total_sales: decimal(27,2) } class sales_by_store { store: varchar(101) manager: varchar(91) total_sales: decimal(27,2) } class staff { first_name: varchar(45) last_name: varchar(45) address_id: smallint unsigned picture: blob email: varchar(50) store_id: tinyint unsigned active: tinyint(1) username: varchar(16) password: varchar(40) last_update: timestamp staff_id: tinyint unsigned } class staff_list { ID: tinyint unsigned name: varchar(91) address: varchar(50) zip code: varchar(10) phone: varchar(20) city: varchar(50) country: varchar(50) SID: tinyint unsigned } class store { manager_staff_id: tinyint unsigned address_id: smallint unsigned last_update: timestamp store_id: tinyint unsigned } address -[#595959,plain]-^ city : "city_id" city -[#595959,plain]-^ country : "country_id" customer -[#595959,plain]-^ address : "address_id" customer -[#595959,plain]-^ store : "store_id" film -[#595959,plain]-^ language : "language_id" film -[#595959,plain]-^ language : "original_language_id:language_id" film_actor -[#595959,plain]-^ actor : "actor_id" film_actor -[#595959,plain]-^ film : "film_id" film_category -[#595959,plain]-^ category : "category_id" film_category -[#595959,plain]-^ film : "film_id" inventory -[#595959,plain]-^ film : "film_id" inventory -[#595959,plain]-^ store : "store_id" payment -[#595959,plain]-^ customer : "customer_id" payment -[#595959,plain]-^ rental : "rental_id" payment -[#595959,plain]-^ staff : "staff_id" rental -[#595959,plain]-^ customer : "customer_id" rental -[#595959,plain]-^ inventory : "inventory_id" rental -[#595959,plain]-^ staff : "staff_id" staff -[#595959,plain]-^ address : "address_id" staff -[#595959,plain]-^ store : "store_id" store -[#595959,plain]-^ address : "address_id" store -[#595959,plain]-^ staff : "manager_staff_id:staff_id" @enduml
- Graphviz DOT
  digraph "sakila" { splines = ortho; fontname = "Inconsolata"; node [colorscheme = ylgnbu4]; edge [colorscheme = dark28, dir = both]; actor [shape = record, label = "{ actor | first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l last_update : timestamp\l| actor_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; "actor_1 /* backup table */" [shape = record, label = "{ actor_1 /* backup table */ | actor_id : smallint unsigned\l first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l last_update : timestamp\l column_nameimg : blob\l }"]; actor_info [shape = record, label = "{ actor_info | actor_id : smallint unsigned\l first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l film_info : text\l }"]; address [shape = record, label = "{ address | address : varchar(50)\l address2 : varchar(50)\l district : varchar(20)\l city_id : smallint unsigned\l postal_code : varchar(10)\l phone : varchar(20)\l last_update : timestamp\l| address_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; category [shape = record, label = "{ category | name : varchar(25)\l last_update : timestamp\l| category_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; city [shape = record, label = "{ city | city : varchar(50)\l country_id : smallint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| city_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; country [shape = record, label = "{ country | country : varchar(50)\l last_update : timestamp\l| country_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; customer [shape = record, label = "{ customer | store_id : tinyint unsigned\l first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l email : varchar(50)\l address_id : smallint unsigned\l active : tinyint(1)\l create_date : datetime\l last_update : timestamp\l| customer_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; customer_list [shape = record, label = "{ customer_list | ID : smallint unsigned\l name : varchar(91)\l address : varchar(50)\l zip code : varchar(10)\l phone : varchar(20)\l city : varchar(50)\l country : varchar(50)\l notes : varchar(6)\l SID : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; film [shape = record, label = "{ film | title : varchar(255)\l description : text\l release_year : year\l language_id : tinyint unsigned\l original_language_id : tinyint unsigned\l rental_duration : tinyint unsigned\l rental_rate : decimal(4,2)\l length : smallint unsigned\l replacement_cost : decimal(5,2)\l rating : enum('g', 'pg', 'pg-13', 'r', 'nc-17')\l special_features : set('trailers', 'commentaries', 'deleted scenes', 'behind the scenes')\l last_update : timestamp\l| film_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; film_actor [shape = record, label = "{ film_actor | last_update : timestamp\l| actor_id : smallint unsigned\l film_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; film_category [shape = record, label = "{ film_category | last_update : timestamp\l| film_id : smallint unsigned\l category_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; film_text [shape = record, label = "{ film_text | title : varchar(255)\l description : text\l| film_id : smallint\l }"]; inventory [shape = record, label = "{ inventory | film_id : smallint unsigned\l store_id : tinyint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| inventory_id : mediumint unsigned\l }"]; language [shape = record, label = "{ language | name : char(20)\l last_update : timestamp\l| language_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; payment [shape = record, label = "{ payment | customer_id : smallint unsigned\l staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l rental_id : int\l amount : decimal(5,2)\l payment_date : datetime\l last_update : timestamp\l| payment_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; pet [shape = record, label = "{ pet | pet : varchar(150)\l name : varchar(150)\l owner : varchar(150)\l }"]; rental [shape = record, label = "{ rental | rental_date : datetime\l inventory_id : mediumint unsigned\l customer_id : smallint unsigned\l return_date : datetime\l staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| rental_id : int\l }"]; sales_by_film_category [shape = record, label = "{ sales_by_film_category | category : varchar(25)\l total_sales : decimal(27,2)\l }"]; sales_by_store [shape = record, label = "{ sales_by_store | store : varchar(101)\l manager : varchar(91)\l total_sales : decimal(27,2)\l }"]; staff [shape = record, label = "{ staff | first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l address_id : smallint unsigned\l picture : blob\l email : varchar(50)\l store_id : tinyint unsigned\l active : tinyint(1)\l username : varchar(16)\l password : varchar(40)\l last_update : timestamp\l| staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; staff_list [shape = record, label = "{ staff_list | ID : tinyint unsigned\l name : varchar(91)\l address : varchar(50)\l zip code : varchar(10)\l phone : varchar(20)\l city : varchar(50)\l country : varchar(50)\l SID : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; store [shape = record, label = "{ store | manager_staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l address_id : smallint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| store_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; address -> city [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "city_id", headlabel = ""]; city -> country [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "country_id", headlabel = ""]; customer -> address [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "address_id", headlabel = ""]; customer -> store [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "store_id", headlabel = ""]; film -> language [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "language_id", headlabel = ""]; film -> language [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "original_language_id:language_id", headlabel = ""]; film_actor -> actor [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "actor_id", headlabel = ""]; film_actor -> film [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "film_id", headlabel = ""]; film_category -> category [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "category_id", headlabel = ""]; film_category -> film [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "film_id", headlabel = ""]; inventory -> film [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "film_id", headlabel = ""]; inventory -> store [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "store_id", headlabel = ""]; payment -> customer [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "customer_id", headlabel = ""]; payment -> rental [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "rental_id", headlabel = ""]; payment -> staff [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "staff_id", headlabel = ""]; rental -> customer [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "customer_id", headlabel = ""]; rental -> inventory [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "inventory_id", headlabel = ""]; rental -> staff [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "staff_id", headlabel = ""]; staff -> address [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "address_id", headlabel = ""]; staff -> store [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "store_id", headlabel = ""]; store -> address [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "address_id", headlabel = ""]; store -> staff [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "manager_staff_id:staff_id", headlabel = ""]; }
- Graphviz DOT with Positions
  digraph "sakila" { splines = ortho; fontname = "Inconsolata"; node [colorscheme = ylgnbu4]; edge [colorscheme = dark28, dir = both]; actor [shape = record, pos = "4.333,20.917!" , label = "{ actor | first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l last_update : timestamp\l| actor_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; "actor_1 /* backup table */" [shape = record, pos = "-4.111,4.681!" , label = "{ actor_1 /* backup table */ | actor_id : smallint unsigned\l first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l last_update : timestamp\l column_nameimg : blob\l }"]; actor_info [shape = record, pos = "-0.611,4.681!" , label = "{ actor_info | actor_id : smallint unsigned\l first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l film_info : text\l }"]; address [shape = record, pos = "-2.564,26.375!" , label = "{ address | address : varchar(50)\l address2 : varchar(50)\l district : varchar(20)\l city_id : smallint unsigned\l postal_code : varchar(10)\l phone : varchar(20)\l last_update : timestamp\l| address_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; category [shape = record, pos = "15.972,20.750!" , label = "{ category | name : varchar(25)\l last_update : timestamp\l| category_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; city [shape = record, pos = "-2.550,28.972!" , label = "{ city | city : varchar(50)\l country_id : smallint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| city_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; country [shape = record, pos = "-2.550,31.236!" , label = "{ country | country : varchar(50)\l last_update : timestamp\l| country_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; customer [shape = record, pos = "-0.681,16.458!" , label = "{ customer | store_id : tinyint unsigned\l first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l email : varchar(50)\l address_id : smallint unsigned\l active : tinyint(1)\l create_date : datetime\l last_update : timestamp\l| customer_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; customer_list [shape = record, pos = "19.694,31.236!" , label = "{ customer_list | ID : smallint unsigned\l name : varchar(91)\l address : varchar(50)\l zip code : varchar(10)\l phone : varchar(20)\l city : varchar(50)\l country : varchar(50)\l notes : varchar(6)\l SID : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; film [shape = record, pos = "7.486,22.417!" , label = "{ film | title : varchar(255)\l description : text\l release_year : year\l language_id : tinyint unsigned\l original_language_id : tinyint unsigned\l rental_duration : tinyint unsigned\l rental_rate : decimal(4,2)\l length : smallint unsigned\l replacement_cost : decimal(5,2)\l rating : enum('g', 'pg', 'pg-13', 'r', 'nc-17')\l special_features : set('trailers', 'commentaries', 'deleted scenes', 'behind the scenes')\l last_update : timestamp\l| film_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; film_actor [shape = record, pos = "9.174,15.458!" , label = "{ film_actor | last_update : timestamp\l| actor_id : smallint unsigned\l film_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; film_category [shape = record, pos = "14.592,15.458!" , label = "{ film_category | last_update : timestamp\l| film_id : smallint unsigned\l category_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; film_text [shape = record, pos = "2.889,4.681!" , label = "{ film_text | title : varchar(255)\l description : text\l| film_id : smallint\l }"]; inventory [shape = record, pos = "2.889,15.625!" , label = "{ inventory | film_id : smallint unsigned\l store_id : tinyint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| inventory_id : mediumint unsigned\l }"]; language [shape = record, pos = "10.731,25.542!" , label = "{ language | name : char(20)\l last_update : timestamp\l| language_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; payment [shape = record, pos = "-1.459,8.208!" , label = "{ payment | customer_id : smallint unsigned\l staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l rental_id : int\l amount : decimal(5,2)\l payment_date : datetime\l last_update : timestamp\l| payment_id : smallint unsigned\l }"]; pet [shape = record, pos = "9.028,4.681!" , label = "{ pet | pet : varchar(150)\l name : varchar(150)\l owner : varchar(150)\l }"]; rental [shape = record, pos = "1.321,11.833!" , label = "{ rental | rental_date : datetime\l inventory_id : mediumint unsigned\l customer_id : smallint unsigned\l return_date : datetime\l staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| rental_id : int\l }"]; sales_by_film_category [shape = record, pos = "11.917,4.681!" , label = "{ sales_by_film_category | category : varchar(25)\l total_sales : decimal(27,2)\l }"]; sales_by_store [shape = record, pos = "5.583,4.681!" , label = "{ sales_by_store | store : varchar(101)\l manager : varchar(91)\l total_sales : decimal(27,2)\l }"]; staff [shape = record, pos = "-4.111,16.792!" , label = "{ staff | first_name : varchar(45)\l last_name : varchar(45)\l address_id : smallint unsigned\l picture : blob\l email : varchar(50)\l store_id : tinyint unsigned\l active : tinyint(1)\l username : varchar(16)\l password : varchar(40)\l last_update : timestamp\l| staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; staff_list [shape = record, pos = "22.666,31.236!" , label = "{ staff_list | ID : tinyint unsigned\l name : varchar(91)\l address : varchar(50)\l zip code : varchar(10)\l phone : varchar(20)\l city : varchar(50)\l country : varchar(50)\l SID : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; store [shape = record, pos = "-2.638,20.917!" , label = "{ store | manager_staff_id : tinyint unsigned\l address_id : smallint unsigned\l last_update : timestamp\l| store_id : tinyint unsigned\l }"]; address -> city [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "city_id", headlabel = ""]; city -> country [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "country_id", headlabel = ""]; customer -> address [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "address_id", headlabel = ""]; customer -> store [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "store_id", headlabel = ""]; film -> language [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "language_id", headlabel = ""]; film -> language [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "original_language_id:language_id", headlabel = ""]; film_actor -> actor [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "actor_id", headlabel = ""]; film_actor -> film [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "film_id", headlabel = ""]; film_category -> category [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "category_id", headlabel = ""]; film_category -> film [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "film_id", headlabel = ""]; inventory -> film [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "film_id", headlabel = ""]; inventory -> store [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "store_id", headlabel = ""]; payment -> customer [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "customer_id", headlabel = ""]; payment -> rental [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "rental_id", headlabel = ""]; payment -> staff [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "staff_id", headlabel = ""]; rental -> customer [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "customer_id", headlabel = ""]; rental -> inventory [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "inventory_id", headlabel = ""]; rental -> staff [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "staff_id", headlabel = ""]; staff -> address [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "address_id", headlabel = ""]; staff -> store [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "store_id", headlabel = ""]; store -> address [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "address_id", headlabel = ""]; store -> staff [color = "#595959", style = solid , arrowtail = none , arrowhead = normal , taillabel = "", label = "manager_staff_id:staff_id", headlabel = ""]; }

将图表导出到文件

要将图表导出到文件，请右键点击图表，转到导出图 | 导出到文件，然后选择格式。
或者，点击图表工具栏上的导出图按钮（），并在相应的子菜单中选择格式。
支持的格式如下：
- YEd .graphml
- JGraph .drawio
- Graphviz .dot
- Graphviz .dot with Positions
- Mermaid .md
- PlantUML
- IDEA .uml ：UML 格式是仅由 PyCharm 支持的内部格式。要打开保存的图表，请将 UML 文件拖动到编辑器中。
  请注意，UML 文件的作用域仅限于原始项目。它只能在创建它的同一项目中打开并使用。

将图表导出为 PNG 格式的图像

要将图表导出为 PNG 格式的图像，请右键点击图表并选择导出图 | 导出到图像…。
或者，点击图表工具栏上的导出图按钮（），然后选择导出到图像…。

参考

图标

图表中列的可能图标组合：

图标	外键	主键	已索引	NOT NULL

图表配置设置

要配置图表的默认可见性设置和布局，请按 Ctrl+Alt+S 打开设置，然后转到工具 | 图表。。

有关数据库图表配置设置的详细信息，请参阅图表参考主题。

工具栏和上下文菜单

使用图表编辑器工具栏快速访问操作，并使用上下文菜单管理显示的图表。

项目	说明
	（在使用数据库时可用。）点击此按钮在图表中显示主键列。
	（在使用数据库时可用。）切换以下内容的显示：对于数据库对象可视化：在图表中显示或隐藏除主键列之外的列。对于查询映射：显示或隐藏查询属性。这些属性可以是行数、索引名称或关于查询的任何其他附加信息。
	（在使用数据库时可用。）点击此按钮在图表中隐藏或显示虚拟外键。
	（在使用数据库时可用。）点击此按钮在图表中隐藏或显示注释。
	点击此图标以增大图表的缩放比例。或者，按 `NumPad+`。
	点击此图标以减小图表的缩放比例。或者，按 `NumPad-`。
	点击此图标以恢复图表的实际大小。
	点击此图标以使内容适应当前图表大小。
	点击此图标以应用当前布局，该布局从图表上下文菜单的布局节点中选择。
	点击此图标以将图表缩放到窗口边缘。
	点击此图标以将图表复制到剪贴板。
	点击此图标，然后使用鼠标选择任意图表区域：所选区域将被复制到剪贴板。
	点击此图标以将当前图表导出为 PNG 格式。
	点击此图标以打印图表。

上下文菜单

下表包含在工具栏中不可用的命令。

项目	说明
所选元素操作	使用此选项打开适用于图表中所选元素的操作列表。您可以选择复制元素、跳转到其源、查找其用法、使用导航操作、各种 Git 操作等。
内容	使用此选项打开一个操作列表，以帮助您添加新元素、显示依赖关系、对图表内的元素进行排序等。新建（`Alt+Insert`）：选择此命令以创建新的节点元素或成员。显示类别：选择此命令以在类节点中显示所选代码元素。例如，您可以选择字段以查看类中的所有字段元素。
删除	删除所选图表。
分析图形	使用此节点选择用于分析图表的命令。您可以检查图形特征、更改图形焦点、测量图形中心性等。
布局	在子菜单中选择所需的图表布局。
方向	提供以下方向选项：自下而上、自上而下等。
应用当前布局	应用从图表上下文菜单的布局节点中选择的当前布局。
边缘路由	将图表内容缩放到图表窗口的边缘。
外观	通过显示网格、边标签、桥接来管理图表的呈现方式。允许您合并边并选择边的形状。
行为	使用此选项选择与图表行为相关的命令，例如将元素对齐到网格、为所选节点显示结构视图，或在完成布局后适配内容。
导出图表	您可以选择并配置以下选项：将图表复制到剪贴板：点击此图标以将图表复制到剪贴板。将所选内容复制到剪贴板：点击此图标，然后使用鼠标选择任意图表区域：所选区域将被复制到剪贴板。导出到图像… ：点击此选项以将图表保存为图像。打印(P)… ：点击此选项以打印图表。

最后修改日期： 2025年 12月 2日